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ONTCQD A VVVDKDBSQNKTWBNL B q /NRHSHNM ONTQK@KDRRHUDDMONTCQDQġFK@FDCeTRHMD q /NRHSHNM!ONTQK@KDRRHUDKHPTHCD 2HUNTRTSHKHRDYTMDKDRRHUDKHPTHCD q -eTSHKHRDYO@RCDKDRRHUDRKHPTHCDRFġK@SHMDTRDRNTġO@HRRDR q -DCġO@RRDYO@RKDMHUD@TL@WHLTL q -DRġKDBSHNMMDYO@RCDOG@RDCDOQġK@U@FD q -DRġKDBSHNMMDYO@RK@ENMBSHNM#ġO@QSCHEEġQġ BSHU@SHNMCDKe@OO@QDHK q +DUNX@MS QDRSDEHWD OOTXDYRTQK@SNTBGD ONTQ@KKTLDQNT ġSDHMCQDKe@OO@QDHK4MRNMQDSDMSHSKNQRPTD Ke@OO@QDHKRe@KKTLD q +DUNX@MS BKHFMNSDRTQ Ke@EEHBG@FD q +DOQNFQ@LLDCġL@QQDKDGTAKNS RDUDQQNTHKKDDSKDUNX@MS Re@EEHBGD q +@ONLODCDUHC@MFDODTS LNLDMS@MġLDMSRDLDSSQDDM QNTSDKNQRPTDKe@OO@QDHKRDQDLOKHS CeD@T 1ġFK@FDCeTMOQNFQ@LLD 3NTQMDYKDRġKDBSDTQONTQQġFKDQKD OQNFQ@LLD q +DUNX@MSBNQQDRONMC@MS@T OQNFQ@LLDRe@KKTLD q +DUNX@MSCDK@SNTBGD BKHFMNSD q +e@EEHBG@FDHMCHPTDKDMHUD@TCD 3HLD,@M@FDQK@CTQġDCT OQNFQ@LLDDSKDRUNX@MSRCDR OG@RDRCTOQNFQ@LLD 2HMġBDRR@HQDLNCHEHDYK@SDLOġQ@STQD K@UHSDRRDCeDRRNQ@FDK@CTQġDCT BXBKDNT@INTSDYCDRNOSHNMR CHRONMHAKDR+NQRPTDUNTR@BSHUDYTMD NOSHNMKDUNX@MSBNQQDRONMC@MS Re@KKTLD $MB@RCDQġFK@FDHMBNQQDBS KDLDRR@FD Re@EEHBGD #ġL@QQ@FDCeTM OQNFQ@LLDR@MRCġO@QSCHEEġQġ OOTXDYRTQK@SNTBGD BDRRDCDBKHFMNSDQDS TANTSCeDMUHQNMLHMTSDR @OQĠRKDCġO@QSCT OQNFQ@LLD q +e@OO@QDHKQĠFKD @TSNL@SHPTDLDMSK@CTQġD CTOQNFQ@LLDDMENMBSHNM CDK@BG@QFDCDKHMFD q +@MNTUDKKDU@KDTQ Re@EEHBGD #ġO@QSCeTMOQNFQ@LLD @UDBCġO@QSCHEEġQġ OOTXDYRTQ ĐOKTRHDTQRQDOQHRDR ITRPTeĐBDPTDKDCġK@HPTDUNTR RNTG@HSDYRġKDBSHNMMDQRe@EEHBGD +DUNX@MSBNQQDRONMC@MSRe@KKTLD OOTXDYRTQ %1 -Ê (2 q +e@OO@QDHKBNLLDMBDKD CġBNLOSD q +NQRPTDKDCġBNLOSDDRSSDQLHMġ KDOQNFQ@LLDCġL@QQD @TSNL@SHPTDLDMS U@MSCDK@MBDQKDMNTUD@T OQNFQ@LLDKe@OO@QDHKODTS UHC@MFDQKeD@T#@MRBDB@R @RRTQDYUNTRPTeHKX@ SNTINTQRCTCġSDQFDMSC@MRKD BNLO@QSHLDMSCDOQNCTHSCD K@U@FDRHBDMeDRSO@RKD B@RUDQRDYĐMNTUD@TCT CġSDQFDMS 5NTRONTUDYĐSNTSLNLDMS LNCHEHDQNT@MMTKDQKDCġO@QS CHEEġQġ@U@MSCe@OOTXDQRTQK@ SNTBGD /NTQ@MMTKDQKD CġO@QSCHEEġQġ q q OOTXDYRTQ ONTQ LDSSQDKe@OO@QDHKDM O@TRD .TUDQSTQDCTBNTUDQBKD 33$-3(.-ũ 2HK@SDLOġQ@STQDDSKDMHUD@T CDKeD@TC@MRKDS@LANTQRNMS SQNOġKDUġRDSPTDKDS@LANTQ BNMSHMTDCDSNTQMDQUNTRMD ONTUDYO@RNTUQHQKDGTAKNS OOTXDYRTQ ITRPTeĐBDPTD f Re@EEHBGD q OOTXDYCDMNTUD@T RTQ ONTQCġL@QQDQ KDOQNFQ@LLD HLLġCH@SDLDMS (MSDQQTOSHNMCeTM OQNFQ@LLDDSLNCHEHB@SHNMCDR NOSHNMR 5NTRMDONTUDYLNCHEHDQPTDPTDKPTDR NOSHNMR@U@MSPTeDKKDRMDRNHDMS@BSHUDR OOTXDYRTQK@SNTBGD +DUNX@MSBKHFMNSD ,NCHEHDYKDRNOSHNMR OOTXDYCDMNTUD@TRTQ +DOQNFQ@LLDRDONTQRTHS MMTK@SHNMCeTM OQNFQ@LLDDMBNTQR OOTXDYRTQK@SNTBGD ODMC@MS PTDKPTDRRDBNMCDRONTQ@MMTKDQKD OQNFQ@LLDDSCġR@BSHUDQKe@OO@QDHK OOTXDYĐMNTUD@TRTQBDSSDLĢLD SNTBGDONTQLDSSQDKe@OO@QDHKDM L@QBGD,@HMSDM@MSUNTRONTUDY RġKDBSHNMMDQTMMNTUD@TOQNFQ@LLD CDK@U@FD +NQRCTENMBSHNMMDLDMSCeTMOQNFQ@LLD NTCTCġO@QSCHEEġQġKDGTAKNSCDKe@OO@QDHK DRSUDQQNTHKKġDSKDUNX@MS DRS@KKTLġ /NTQNTUQHQKDGTAKNSKNQRPTDKD OQNFQ@LLDNTKDCĢO@QSCHEEĢQĢDRSDM BNTQR OOTXDYRTQ ONTQLDSSQDKe@OO@QDHK DMO@TRD SSDMCDYPTDKDUNX@MS'TAKNS UDQQNTHKKġ ReġSDHFMD .TUQDYKDGTAKNS %DQLDYKDGTAKNSDS@OOTXDYĐ MNTUD@TRTQ +DOQNFQ@LLDNTKDCġO@QSCHEEġQġRD ONTQRTHS ½K@EHMCTOQNFQ@LLD q +e@OO@QDHKRDLDS@TSNL@SHPTDLDMSĐ Ke@QQĢS q +DRHFM@KRNMNQDQDSDMSHSReHKDRS@BSHUġ q +DRXLANKD Re@EEHBGD q +DUNX@MS#ġO@QS/@TRDReġSDHMS q +DUNX@MSCDUDQQNTHKK@FDCTGTAKNS ReġSDHMS q 5NTRONTUDYNTUQHQKDGTAKNS q 2NQSDYKDKHMFDCDKe@OO@QDHK5ġQHEHDY PTDKDS@LANTQDRSUHCD q %DQLDYKDQNAHMDSCeD@T q OOTXDYRTQK@SNTBGD,@QBGD QQĢS ODMC@MSPTDKPTDRRDBNMCDRONTQ ġSDHMCQDKe@OO@QDHK VVVDKDBSQNKTWBNL q +@HRRDYKDGTAKNSDMSQNTUDQSONTQġUHSDQ K@ENQL@SHNMCDLNHRHRRTQDRDS Ke@OO@QHSHNMCDL@TU@HRDRNCDTQR +DOQNFQ@LLDCDK@U@FDDRSSDQLHMĢ L@HRHKX@CDKfD@TC@MRKDS@LANTQ q +DS@LANTQSNTQMDQġFTKHĠQDLDMSONTQ ġUHSDQPTDKDKHMFDMDRDEQNHRRD q +DUNX@MSCDUDQQNTHKK@FDCTGTAKNS DRS@KKTLġ+DGTAKNSQDRSDUDQQNTHKKġ q 5NTRCDUDYUHC@MFDQKeD@TONTQONTUNHQ NTUQHQKDGTAKNS /NTQUHC@MFDQKfD@T OOTXDYRTQK@SNTBGD +e@OO@QDHKDEEDBSTDK@UHC@MFDDS KeDRRNQ@FD /NTQDEEDBSTDQTMHPTDLDMSK@UHC@MFD 2H CDKe@OO@QDHKRġKDBSHNMMDY ADRNHMDRSCHLHMTDYK@UHSDRRD CeDRRNQ@FD 4MDENHRKDOQNFQ@LLDSDQLHMġDSKD UNX@MSCDUDQQNTHKK@FDCTGTAKNS ġSDHMSUNTRONTUDYNTUQHQKDGTAKNS OOTXDYRTQK@SNTBGD,@QBGD QQĢS ODMC@MSPTDKPTDRRDBNMCDRONTQ ġSDHMCQDKe@OO@QDHK +e@OO@QDHKDEEDBSTD @TSNL@SHPTDLDMSK@UHC@MFD DSKeDRRNQ@FD@TANTS CeDMUHQNMGDTQDRR@TE ONTQKDOQNFQ@LLD+@HMD .OSHNMR5DHKKD @TSNL@SHPTD 0TDKPTDRLHMTSDR@OQĠRK@EHMCT OQNFQ@LLDCDK@U@FDRHUNTRMe@UDYO@R ġSDHMSKe@OO@QDHKK@ENMBSHNMCeġBNMNLHD CeġMDQFHDRDCġBKDMBGD +@ENMBSHNMCeġBNMNLHDCeġMDQFHDQġCTHSK@ BNMRNLL@SHNMCeġMDQFHDKNQRPTDKe@OO@QDHK DRSDMUDHKKD q 3NTRKDRUNX@MSRDSKe@EEHBG@FD ReġSDHFMDMS q +eHMCHB@SDTQ BKHFMNSDKDMSDLDMS q OOTXDYRTQKeTMDCDRSNTBGDR CeNOSHNMONTQCġR@BSHUDQK@ENMBSHNM CeġBNMNLHDCeġMDQFHD 43(+(2 3(.-04.3(#($--$2Í"' &$ 4-(04$,$-3 /NTQNASDMHQCDANMMDR ODQENQL@MBDRCDRġBG@FD MDCĢO@RRDYO@RKDR BG@QFDRCDKHMFDGTLHCDĐ RġBGDQQDBNLL@MCġDRC@MR K@MNSHBDCeTSHKHR@SHNM-D RĢKDBSHNMMDYO@RCDUHSDRRD CeDRRNQ@FDHMEġQHDTQDĐK@ UHSDRRD@TSNL@SHPTDCT OQNFQ@LLDRġKDBSHNMMġ 5$13(22$,$-3ũ 1DONQSDYUNTR@TWBG@OHSQDR BNMBDQM@MSK@RġBTQHSġ 1ġFK@FDCTRġBG@FD 5$13(22$,$-3ũ RRTQDYUNTRPTDKD QNAHMDSCfD@TDRSNTUDQS OOTXDYRTQ,@QBGD QQĢSODMC@MS PTDKPTDRRDBNMCDRONTQ@KKTLDQ Ke@OO@QDHK "G@QFDYKDKHMFDC@MRKDS@LANTQTM @QSHBKDĐK@ENHR 3NTQMDYKDRġKDBSDTQCDOQNFQ@LLD RTQKDOQNFQ@LLD@C@OSġ@TW@QSHBKDR ĐRġBGDQ+eHMCHB@SDTQCDRġBG@FD Re@KKTLD #DFQġRCDRġBG@FD @TSNL@SHPTD +DKHMFDODTSĢSQDRġBGġĐCDRCDFQġR OQġCġEHMHR OOTXDYRTQ ĐOKTRHDTQRQDOQHRDR ITRPTeĐBDPTDKeTMCDRUNX@MSRCD CDFQġCDRġBG@FDRe@KKTLD q 5NX@MS/1Î3½1$/ 22$1 ONTQKDR@QSHBKDRDMBNSNM %1 -Ê (2 q q +DUNX@MSCDRġBG@FD BNLLDMBDĐBKHFMNSDQ 5NX@MS/1Î3½1 -&$1ONTQ KDR@QSHBKDRDMBNSNMDSSDWSHKDR RXMSGġSHPTDR q +DUNX@MS'TAKNSUDQQNTHKKġ Re@KKTLD q 5NX@MS$731 2$"ONTQKDR @QSHBKDRDMBNSNM +@CTQġDB@KBTKġDRDKNMKDONHCRCeTMD BG@QFDO@QCġE@TSRe@EEHBGD2HUNSQD BG@QFDCDKHMFDDRSOKTRNTLNHMRKNTQCD PTDKDONHCRO@QCġE@TSKe@OO@QDHK@ITRSD @TSNL@SHPTDLDMSK@CTQġD@TBNTQRCT BXBKD OOTXDYRTQ OQNFQ@LLD ONTQK@MBDQKD +DUNX@MS'TAKNSUDQQNTHKKġ +DUNX@MSCDRġBG@FD BKHFMNSDQ Re@KKTLD BNLLDMBDĐ "DQS@HMRCDFQġRCDRġBG@FD MDODTUDMSO@RĢSQD RġKDBSHNMMġRRDKNMKDSXODCD KHMFD 2ġBG@FDBGQNMNLġSQHPTD +DKHMFDODTSġF@KDLDMSĢSQDRġBGġDM LNCDBGQNMNLġSQġL@MTDK OOTXDYĐOKTRHDTQRQDOQHRDRRTQK@ SNTBGD ONTQQġFKDQK@CTQġDCD RġBG@FDQDONQSDYUNTR@TS@AKD@TCT g/QNFQ@LLDRCDRġBG@FD BGQNMNLġSQHPTDu q +e@EEHBG@FDHMCHPTDLHMTSDR½ BG@PTDENHRPTDUNTR@OOTXDYRTQ BDSSDSNTBGDK@CTQġD@TFLDMSD CDLHMTSDR q +@U@KDTQQġFKġDRe@EEHBGDO@Q DWDLOKD q +@MNTUDKKDCTQġDRe@EEHBGD@TANTS CDPTDKPTDRRDBNMCDR +e@OO@QDHKB@KBTKDġF@KDLDMSK@ CTQġDCDROG@RDRCe@MSHEQNHRR@FD DSCDQDEQNHCHRRDLDMS OOTXDYRTQ ONTQK@MBDQKD OQNFQ@LLD q +@MNTUDKKDCTQġDRe@EEHBGD QġFTKHĠQDLDMS 2HUNTRMDQġFKDYPTeTMDCTQġDCD RġBG@FDCDLHMTSDRKe@OO@QDHKOQNBĠCD TMHPTDLDMSĐTMDOG@RDCD QDEQNHCHRRDLDMS 2HKDKHMFDMeDRSO@R@RRDYRDB RġKDBSHNMMDYCDMNTUD@TTMDBNTQSDCTQġD CDRġBG@FD %HMCTOQNFQ@LLDCD RġBG@FD +e@OO@QDHKRDLDS@TSNL@SHPTDLDMSĐ Ke@QQĢS q +DRRHFM@TWRNMNQDRQDSDMSHRRDMSReHKR RNMS@BSHUġR q +DRXLANKD Re@EEHBGD q +DUNX@MS ReġSDHMS q +DRCDQMHĠQDRLHMTSDRCTBXBKDCD RġBG@FDBNQQDRONMCDMSĐK@OG@RDCD QDEQNHCHRRDLDMSDSĐK@OG@RD@MSH EQNHRR@FD+DGTAKNSQDRSDUDQQNTHKKġ +NQRPTDKDUNX@MS'TAKNSUDQQNTHKKġ ReġSDHMSUNTRONTUDYNTUQHQKDGTAKNS OOTXDYRTQK@SNTBGD ODMC@MS PTDKPTDRRDBNMCDRONTQġSDHMCQD Ke@OO@QDHK 0TDKPTDRLHMTSDR@OQĠRK@EHMCT OQNFQ@LLDK@ENMBSHNMCeġBNMNLHD CeġMDQFHDġSDHMS@TSNL@SHPTDLDMS Ke@OO@QDHK 2NQSDYKDKHMFDCDKe@OO@QDHK 5ġQHEHDYPTDKDS@LANTQDRSUHCD +@HRRDYKDGTAKNSDMSQNTUDQSONTQġUHSDQ K@ENQL@SHNMCDLNHRHRRTQDRDS Ke@OO@QHSHNMCDL@TU@HRDRNCDTQR %DQLDYKDQNAHMDSCeD@T VVVDKDBSQNKTWBNL 43(+(2 3(.-04.3(#($--$+ 5 &$$32Í"' &$ /NTQNASDMHQCDANMR QġRTKS@SRCDRġBG@FDUNTRMD ONTUDYO@RRġKDBSHNMMDQTMD UHSDRRDCeDRRNQ@FDSQNO A@RRDONTQKDR@QSHBKDRCDU@MS ĢSQDK@UġRDSRġBGġR 5$13(22$,$-3ũ 1DONQSDYUNTR@TWBG@OHSQDR BNMBDQM@MSK@RġBTQHSġ /QNFQ@LLD-NM2SNO RġBG@FDDMBG@ıMġ OOTXDYRTQ,@QBGD QQĢSODMC@MS PTDKPTDRRDBNMCDRONTQ@KKTLDQ Ke@OO@QDHK "G@QFDYKDKHMFDC@MRKDS@LANTQTM @QSHBKDĐK@ENHR /NTQNASDMHQCDANMMDR ODQENQL@MBDRCDRġBG@FD MDCĢO@RRDYO@RKDR BG@QFDRCDKHMFDGTLHCDĐ RġBGDQQDBNLL@MCġDRC@MR KD,@MTDKCeTSHKHR@SHNM-D RĢKDBSHNMMDYO@RCDUHSDRRD CeDRRNQ@FDHMEġQHDTQDĐK@ UHSDRRD@TSNL@SHPTDCT OQNFQ@LLDRġKDBSHNMMġ 5DQRDYKDOQNCTHSCDK@U@FDDSKDR @CCHSHERC@MRKDBNLO@QSHLDMS @OOQNOQHġ 3NTQMDYKDRġKDBSDTQRTQKDOQNFQ@LLD CDK@U@FD +DRUNX@MSRCDRCHEEġQDMSDROG@RDRCD K@U@FDRe@KKTLDMS 2ġKDBSHNMMDYKDRNOSHNMRCHRONMHAKDR +@U@FDDSRġBG@FD @TSNL@SHPTD OOTXDYRTQ ĐOKTRHDTQRQDOQHRDR ITRPTeĐBDPTDKeTMCDRUNX@MSRCD CDFQġCDRġBG@FDRe@KKTLD q 5NX@MS/1Î3½1$/ 22$1 ONTQKDR@QSHBKDRDMBNSNM q 5NX@MS/1Î3½1 -&$1ONTQ KDR@QSHBKDRDMBNSNMDSSDWSHKDR RXMSGġSHPTDR q 5NX@MS$731 2$"ONTQKDR @QSHBKDRDMBNSNM +DUNX@MS Re@KKTLD+@U@KDTQ@EEHBGġD DRSK@CTQġDCDRBXBKDRCDK@U@FD RġBG@FDB@KBTKġDRDKNMKDONHCRCeTMD BG@QFDO@QCġE@TS OOTXDYRTQ ONTQK@MBDQKD OQNFQ@LLD +DUNX@MSCTCDFQġCDRġBG@FD RġKDBSHNMMġQDRSD@KKTLġ +DUNX@MS'TAKNSUDQQNTHKKġ Re@KKTLD +@MNTUDKKDCTQġDRe@EEHBGDQġFTKHĠQDLDMS +DRCDQMHĠQDRLHMTSDRCT BXBKDCDRġBG@FD BNQQDRONMCDMS@TWOG@RDR Ce@MSHEQNHRR@FDDSCD QDEQNHCHRRDLDMS +@U@FDDSRġBG@FD BGQNMNLġSQHPTD /NTQNASDMHQCDANMRQġRTKS@SRCD RġBG@FDUNTRMDONTUDYO@RRġKDBSHNMMDQ TMDUHSDRRDCeDRRNQ@FDSQNOA@RRDONTQ KDR@QSHBKDRCDU@MSĢSQDK@UġRDSRġBGġR /NTQQġFKDQK@CTQġDCDRġBG@FD @OOTXDYRTQK@SNTBGD HMCHPTDLHMTSDR +e@EEHBG@FD +DUNX@MS Re@KKTLD+e@EEHBG@FDHMCHPTD K@CTQġDCDRġBG@FDRġKDBSHNMMġDO@Q DWDLOKD TANTSCDPTDKPTDR RDBNMCDRKe@EEHBG@FDHMCHPTDK@CTQġD BNQQDRONMC@MSĐK@CTQġD EHM@KD SNS@KDCDRBXBKDRCDK@U@FDDSCDRġBG@FD OG@RDRCDK@U@FD RġBG@FD @MSH EQNHRR@FD QDEQNHCHRRDLDMS 2HUNTRMDQġFKDYPTeTMD CTQġDCDRġBG@FDCD LHMTSDR@OQĠRKDK@U@FD Ke@OO@QDHKB@KBTKDġF@KDLDMSK@ CTQġDCDROG@RDRCe@MSH EQNHRR@FDDSCD QDEQNHCHRRDLDMS OOTXDYRTQ OQNFQ@LLD ONTQK@MBDQKD +DUNX@MS Re@KKTLD+DGTAKNSDRS UDQQNTHKKġ+@MNTUDKKDCTQġDRe@EEHBGD QġFTKHĠQDLDMS %1 -Ê (2 %HMCTOQNFQ@LLD +e@OO@QDHKRe@QQĢSD@TSNL@SHPTDLDMS+DR RHFM@TWRNMNQDRQDSDMSHRRDMSReHKRRNMS @BSHUġR /NTQCDOKTR@LOKDRHMENQL@SHNMR QDONQSDYUNTRĐK@RDBSHNMg½K@EHMCT OQNFQ@LLDCDRġBG@FDuCTBG@OHSQD OQġBġCDMS 2NQSDYKDKHMFDCDKe@OO@QDHK 5ġQHEHDYPTDKDS@LANTQDRSUHCD +@HRRDYKDGTAKNSDMSQNTUDQSONTQġUHSDQ K@ENQL@SHNMCDLNHRHRRTQDRDS Ke@OO@QHSHNMCDL@TU@HRDRNCDTQR /DKTBGDRRTQKDRSDWSHKDR #TQ@MSKDROG@RDRCDK@U@FDDSNT RġBG@FDBDQS@HMRSXODRCDSDWSHKDRSDKR PTDKDSHRRTġONMFDK@K@HMDNTKDRRVD@S RGHQSRODTUDMSODQCQDCDRODKTBGDR "DRODKTBGDRODTUDMSDMRTHSDRe@BBQNBGDQ @TWSHRRTRK@UġR@TBNTQRCTBXBKDRTHU@MS "DSHMBNMUġMHDMSDRSDMBNQDOKTREQġPTDMS @UDBCDRSHRRTRSDBGMHPTDR /NTQġUHSDQPTDKDRODKTBGDRMD Re@BBQNBGDMSĐUNRUĢSDLDMSRHKDRS QDBNLL@MCġ UĢSDLDMSRCDBNTKDTQBK@HQDSHRRT ġONMFDK@HMDDSRVD@SRGHQSRDS HMUDQRDLDMS q CDK@HRRDQRġBGDQBDSXODCDSDWSHKDRĐ Ke@HQKHAQDKNQRPTeHKRUHDMMDMSCeĢSQDK@UġR ONTQK@OQDLHĠQDENHR q CDMDSSNXDQKDEHKSQDCDUHC@MFD q OQĠRK@OG@RDCDRġBG@FDMDSSNXDY DMSHĠQDLDMSKDS@LANTQUHCDKDINHMSDS KDGTAKNS@UDBTMBGHEENMGTLHCD "NLLDġKHLHMDQKDR ODKTBGDRCDRUĢSDLDMSR /NTQġKHLHMDQKDRODKTBGDRRDSQNTU@MS C@MRKDS@LANTQRġKDBSHNMMDYTM OQNFQ@LLDROġBH@K 5HCDYKDS@LANTQ -DSSNXDYKDS@LANTQKDINHMSDSKD GTAKNS@UDBTMBGHEENMGTLHCD 2ġKDBSHNMMDYKDOQNFQ@LLDCD QHMĝ@FD OOTXDYRHLTKS@MġLDMSRTQ-HUD@T 2ġBG@FDDS#ġO@QSCHEEġQġONTQ@BSHUDQ K@ENMBSHNMCDMDSSNX@FDITRPTeĐBD PTD"+$Re@EEHBGD OOTXDYRTQ ONTQK@MBDQKD OQNFQ@LLD q CDMDO@RK@UDQCDSHRRTRCDBNTKDTQ RNLAQD@OQĠR@UNHQK@UġDSRġBGġCDR ".-2$(+2 "G@QFDLDMSCTKHMFD q 1ġO@QSHRRDYKDKHMFDDMSQD@QSHBKDR AK@MBRCDBNTKDTQRRXMSGġSHPTDR CġKHB@SRDSDMK@HMD q 1DRODBSDYKDRHMRSQTBSHNMRCDK@U@FD PTHEHFTQDMSRTQKDRġSHPTDSSDRCDR UĢSDLDMSR q -DK@UDYO@RKDR@QSHBKDRAK@MBRDSCD BNTKDTQDMRDLAKD q "DQS@HMR@QSHBKDRCDBNTKDTQRODTUDMS CġSDHMCQDKNQRCDROQDLHDQRK@U@FDR(K DRSQDBNLL@MCġCDKDRK@UDQ RġO@QġLDMSKDROQDLHĠQDRENHR q !NTSNMMDYKDRS@HDRCeNQDHKKDQEDQLDY KDREDQLDSTQDRĐFKHRRHĠQDDSĐOQDRRHNM DSKDRBQNBGDSR SS@BGDYKDRBDHMSTQDR q 5HCDYKDRONBGDRCDRUĢSDLDMSRDS CġOKHDYKDR q 1DSNTQMDYKDRSHRRTRLTKSHBNTBGDRDM K@HMDDSKDR@QSHBKDRONQS@MSCDR HKKTRSQ@SHNMRHLOQHLġDRUDQRKeHMSġQHDTQ q $MKDUDYKDRS@BGDRSDM@BDR q +@UDYKDRS@BGDRHMBQTRSġDR@UDBTM OQNCTHSROġBH@K q 3Q@HSDYKDRQHCD@TW@UDBOQġB@TSHNMR $MKDUDYKDRBQNBGDSRDSOK@BDYKDR QHCD@TWC@MRTMR@BCDK@U@FDNTTMD S@HDCeNQDHKKDQ q -DK@UDYO@RCe@QSHBKDRR@MRNTQKDSNT CġBGHQġRC@MRKe@OO@QDHK4SHKHRDYTMR@B CDK@U@FDONTQKDR@QSHBKDRSQĠRODSHSR DSNTCġKHB@SRO@QDWDLOKDKDR RNTSHDMRFNQFDĐ@QL@STQDRKDR BDHMSTQDRKDRA@RDSB q 4MDSQĠRODSHSDBG@QFDODTSOQNUNPTDQ CDROQNAKĠLDRCeġPTHKHAQDODMC@MSK@ OG@RDCeDRRNQ@FD2HBDK@RDOQNCTHS QġO@QSHRRDYL@MTDKKDLDMSKDR@QSHBKDR VVVDKDBSQNKTWBNL C@MRK@BTUDDSK@MBDYĐMNTUD@TK@ OG@RDCeDRRNQ@FD 3@BGDRSDM@BDR /NTQBDQS@HMDRS@BGDRKeD@TDSKDROQNCTHSR CDK@U@FDMDRTEEHRDMSO@R (KDRSQDBNLL@MCġCeġKHLHMDQBDRS@BGDR @U@MSCDLDSSQDKDR@QSHBKDRC@MRKe@OO@QDHK #DRCġS@BG@MSRROġBH@TWRNMS CHRONMHAKDR4SHKHRDYKDCġS@BG@MSROġBH@K @C@OSġ@TSXODCDS@BGDDSCDSDWSHKD /QNCTHSRCDK@U@FDDS @CCHSHER q 4SHKHRDYTMHPTDLDMSCDROQNCTHSRCD K@U@FDDSCDR@CCHSHERROġBH@KDLDMS BNMĝTRONTQKDRK@UDKHMFD l KDRRHUDRDMONTCQDONTQSNTRKDR SXODRCDSDWSHKDR l KDRRHUDRDMONTCQDONTQKDRSDWSHKDR CġKHB@SR¦"L@WDSKDR K@HM@FDR l KDRRHUDRKHPTHCDRCDOQġEġQDMBD ONTQKDROQNFQ@LLDRCDK@U@FDĐ A@RRDSDLOġQ@STQD¦"L@W ONTQSNTRKDRSXODRCDSDWSHKDRNT KDRRHUDRROġBH@KDRONTQKDRK@HM@FDR TMHPTDLDMS q -DLġK@MFDYO@RCHEEġQDMSRSXODRCD OQNCTHSRCDK@U@FD q EHMCDOQġRDQUDQKeDMUHQNMMDLDMS MeTSHKHRDYPTDK@PT@MSHSġMġBDRR@HQDCD OQNCTHSCDK@U@FD q 1DRODBSDYKDRHMRSQTBSHNMRPTHRD SQNTUDMSRTQKDRDLA@KK@FDRCDBDR OQNCTHSR q 4SHKHRDYCDROQNCTHSR@C@OSġR@TSXODDS ĐK@BNTKDTQCTSDWSHKDĐK@SDLOġQ@STQD CTOQNFQ@LLDDS@TMHUD@TCD R@KHRRTQD q 2HUNSQD@OO@QDHKMDCHRONRDO@RCeTM CHRSQHATSDTQCDOQNCTHSCDK@U@FD@UDB UNKDS@INTSDYKDROQNCTHSRCDK@U@FD KHPTHCDRĐKe@HCDCeTMDANTKDCNRDTRD ENTQMHDO@QKDE@AQHPT@MSCTOQNCTHSCD K@U@FD "NMRDHKRġBNKNFHPTDR q 1ġFKDYTMOQNFQ@LLDR@MROQġK@U@FD ONTQK@UDQCTKHMFDMNQL@KDLDMSR@KD q "NLLDMBDYSNTINTQRTMOQNFQ@LLD CDK@U@FD@UDBTMDBG@QFDCDKHMFD L@WHL@KD q 2HMġBDRR@HQDTSHKHRDYTMCġS@BG@MS PT@MCUNTRQġFKDYTMOQNFQ@LLDĐ A@RRDSDLOġQ@STQD q /NTQTSHKHRDQK@ANMMDPT@MSHSġCD OQNCTHSCDK@U@FDUġQHEHDYK@CTQDSġCD KeD@TCDUNSQDRXRSĠLDCNLDRSHPTD #TQDSġCDKeD@T 2HC@MRUNSQDQġFHNMK@CTQDSġCDKeD@T DRSġKDUġDNTLNCġQġDHKDRSQDBNLL@MCġ CeTSHKHRDQTM@CNTBHRRDTQCeD@TONTQK@UD KHMFD#@MRKDRQġFHNMRNŔKeD@TDRSCNTBD HKMeDRSO@RMġBDRR@HQDCeTSHKHRDQTM @CNTBHRRDTQCeD@T /NTQBNMM@ıSQDK@CTQDSġCDKeD@TC@MR UNSQDQġFHNMBNMS@BSDYUNSQDBNLO@FMHD CDRD@TW 4SHKHRDYK@ANMMDPT@MSHSġCe@CNTBHRRDTQ CeD@T1DRODBSDYKDRHMRSQTBSHNMRPTHRD SQNTUDMSRTQKDRDLA@KK@FDRCTOQNCTHS "NMRDHKRCDRġBG@FD /QĢO@Q@SHNMCTBXBKDCDRĢBG@FD q .TUQDYKDQNAHMDSCeD@T q 5ġQHEHDYPTDKDSTX@TCDUHC@MFDDRS BNQQDBSDLDMSQ@BBNQCġ/NTQOKTR CeHMENQL@SHNMRQDONQSDYUNTR@T BG@OHSQDg(MRS@KK@SHNMu q 1DONQSDYUNTR@TS@AKD@TCDR OQNFQ@LLDRCDRġBG@FDONTQ BNMM@ıSQDKDRBG@QFDRCDKHMFD L@WHL@KDRCDROQNFQ@LLDRCD RġBG@FD QSHBKDRĐMDO@RRġBGDQ -DQĢFKDYO@RCDOQNFQ@LLDCD RĢBG@FDONTQKDRSXODRCDKHMFD RTHU@MSR q QSHBKDRSQĠRCġKHB@SR q 1HCD@TWRXMSGġSHPTDR q 5ĢSDLDMSR@UDBCDROHĠBDRDMLġS@K q !@RDMMXKNM q "NTUDQSTQDR q "NTUQDKHSR q "NTDSSDR q MNQ@JR q 2@BRCDBNTBG@FD %1 -Ê (2 q 3DWSHKDR@UDBCDRQġRHCTRCDK@PTDCD CHRRNKU@MSONTQKDRNMFKDRNT RTARS@MBDRRHLHK@HQDR q 5ĢSDLDMSR@UDBCDK@LNTRRDCD B@NTSBGNTBNTTMDL@SHĠQDRHLHK@HQDĐ K@LNTRRDCDB@NTSBGNTB 5$13(22$,$-3ũ /NTQĢUHSDQPTDKDKHMFDMD RDEQNHRRDNTQĢSQĢBHRRDMD KDRĢBGDYO@R DWBDRRHUDLDMS ÍSHPTDSSDRCDRUĢSDLDMSR "NMRDHKRFġMġQ@TW +NQRPTDUNTRRġBGDYCTKHMFDQDRODBSDY KDRHMCHB@SHNMRRDSQNTU@MSRTQKDR ġSHPTDSSDRCDRE@AQHB@MSRCDRUĢSDLDMSR q +DUĢSDLDMSODTSĢSQDRġBGġDM L@BGHMD q +DBXBKDCDRġBG@FDDRSĐG@TSD SDLOġQ@STQD 1DONQSDYUNTR@TS@AKD@TCDR g/QNFQ@LLDRCDRġBG@FDuONTQ BNMM@ıSQDKDRCTQġDRCDRġBG@FD LNXDMMDR +eDWOġQHDMBDUNTR@HCDQ@ĐLHDTWL@ıSQHRDQ KDRġBG@FDCTKHMFD-NSDYKDRCTQġDRCD RġBG@FDCDRBXBKDRPTDUNTR@UDYCġIĐ DEEDBSTġR q +DBXBKDCDRġBG@FDDRSĐA@RRD SDLOġQ@STQD /NTQġUHSDQK@ENQL@SHNMCeġKDBSQHBHSġ RS@SHPTDĐK@EHMCTBXBKDCDRġBG@FD q +DUĢSDLDMSMDODTSO@RĢSQD RġBGġDML@BGHMD 4SHKHRDYTM@RRNTOKHRR@MSCTQ@MSKD BXBKDCDK@U@FD 4SHKHRDYTM@RRNTOKHRR@MSROġBH@KONTQ KDRRĠBGDKHMFD +NQRPTDKDOQNFQ@LLDCDRġBG@FDDRS SDQLHMġQDSHQDYQ@OHCDLDMSKDKHMFDCT S@LANTQ #TQġDCTBXBKDCDRġBG@FD +@CTQġDCDRġBG@FDODTSU@QHDQDM ENMBSHNM q CDK@UHSDRRDCTCDQMHDQDRRNQ@FD q CTCDFQġCDRġBG@FD q CTSXODCDKHMFD q CDK@PT@MSHSġCDKHMFD 2ġBG@FDRTOOKġLDMS@HQD 2HKDKHMFDDRSDMBNQDSQNOGTLHCDĐK@EHM CTOQNFQ@LLDCDRġBG@FDDEEDBSTDYTM @TSQDBXBKDCDRġBG@FDBNTQS $-31$3($-$3-$33.8 &$ 5$13(22$,$-3ũ 1DONQSDYUNTR@TWBG@OHSQDR BNMBDQM@MSK@RġBTQHSġ -DSSNX@FDDWSġQHDTQ -DSSNXDYKe@OO@QDHKTMHPTDLDMSĐKeD@T R@UNMMDTRDBG@TCD2ġBGDY BNLOKĠSDLDMSSNTSDRKDRRTQE@BDR 33$-3(.-ũ -eTSHKHRDYO@RCe@KBNNKCD RNKU@MSRMHCDOQNCTHSR BGHLHPTDR #ġS@QSQ@FD 2HC@MRUNSQDQġFHNMK@CTQDSġCDKeD@T DRSġKDUġDNTLNCġQġDHKDRSQDBNLL@MCġ CeTSHKHRDQTMCġS@QSQ@MSONTQK@UDKHMFD $W@LHMDYQġFTKHĠQDLDMSKDS@LANTQONTQ ġUHSDQKDCġOŃSCDO@QSHBTKDRCDB@KB@HQDDS CDQNTHKKD /NTQġKHLHMDQKDRO@QSHBTKDRCDQNTHKKD TSHKHRDYTMHPTDLDMSCDROQNCTHSRROġBH@TW ONTQK@UDKHMFD/QNBġCDYRġO@QġLDMS CeTMK@U@FDCDKHMFD 1DRODBSDYSNTINTQRKDR HMRSQTBSHNMREHFTQ@MSRTQ KeDLA@KK@FDCTOQNCTHS VVVDKDBSQNKTWBNL +@U@FDCeDMSQDSHDM )NHMSCTBNTUDQBKD UDBKDROQNFQ@LLDRĐA@RRD SDLOġQ@STQDHKDRSONRRHAKDPTDBDQS@HMR OQNCTHSRCDK@U@FDQDRSDMSC@MRKD S@LANTQ/QNBġCDYQġFTKHĠQDLDMSĐTM K@U@FDCeDMSQDSHDM/NTQBDE@HQD q 1DSHQDYKDKHMFDCTS@LANTQ q 2ġKDBSHNMMDYKDOQNFQ@LLDONTQKD BNSNMĐSDLOġQ@STQDL@WHL@KD@UDB TMDODSHSDPT@MSHSġCDCġSDQFDMS $W@LHMDYQġFTKHĠQDLDMSKDINHMSDSDMKDUDY SNTRKDRNAIDSRRHSTġRĐKeHMSġQHDTQ -DSSNX@FDCTCHRSQHATSDTQCDOQNCTHSCDK@U@FD 1 2 -DSSNX@FDCTEHKSQDCDUHC@MFD 5$13(22$,$-3ũ -DMDSSNXDYO@RKDEHKSQDCD UHC@MFDRHKeD@TC@MR Ke@OO@QDHKDRSBG@TCD %1 -Ê (2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 VVVDKDBSQNKTWBNL 2 1 -DSSNX@FDCTSTX@TCe@QQHUġDCeD@TDSCTEHKSQDCDK@U@MMD 1 2 3 20° 5HC@MFDCeTQFDMBD $MQ@HRNMCeTMD@MNL@KHDCD ENMBSHNMMDLDMSKe@OO@QDHKMDODTSO@R UHC@MFDQKeD@T 2HBDK@RDOQNCTHSOQNBġCDY@TWġS@ODR ĐCTBG@OHSQDg-DSSNX@FDCTEHKSQDCD UHC@MFDu2HMġBDRR@HQDMDSSNXDYK@ ONLOD 45° +NQRPTDUNTRUHC@MFDYKeD@T@UDBK@ UHC@MFDCeTQFDMBDUNTRCDUDYQġ@BSHUDQKD RXRSĠLDCDUHC@MFD +NQRPTDUNTRUHC@MFDYKeD@T@UDBK@ UHC@MFDCeTQFDMBDUNTRCDUDY Qġ@BSHUDQKDRXRSĠLDCDUHC@MFD 5DQRDYKHSQDRCeD@TC@MRKD %1 -Ê (2 CHRSQHATSDTQCDOQNCTHSCDK@U@FDONTQ KDK@U@FDOQHMBHO@K #ġL@QQDYKDOQNFQ@LLDONTQ UHC@MFDQKeD@T /QġB@TSHNMRBNMSQDKDFDK 5HCDYK@ONLODCDUHC@MFD1DONQSDY UNTRĐK@OQNBġCTQDCDUHC@MFD CeTQFDMBD 4MDENHRPTDK@ONLODCDUHC@MFDDRS UHCDQġHMRS@KKDYKDSTX@T Ce@KHLDMS@SHNM 5$13(22$,$-3ũ RRTQDYUNTRPTDK@ SDLOġQ@STQDDRSRTOġQHDTQDĐ ¦"@U@MSCeTSHKHRDQĐ MNTUD@TKe@OO@QDHK +DE@AQHB@MSMDONTQQ@ĢSQD SDMTONTQQDRONMR@AKDDMB@R CDCNLL@FDRCTR@TW A@RRDRSDLOġQ@STQDR 2HKe@OO@QDHKDRSHMRS@KKġC@MRTMKNB@KNŔK@ SDLOġQ@STQDODTSĢSQDMġF@SHUDġU@BTDY 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